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<div class="d-flex align-items-center gap-2 mb-2">
    <span class="badge text-bg-secondary">Verbal Ability</span>
    <span class="badge text-bg-light border">Sentence Improvement</span>
  </div>

<p class="text-muted">Find and replace awkward or incorrect parts to make sentences clear, grammatical, and idiomatic.</p>
  <hr class="mt-3">

<div class="row g-3">
    <div class="col-12 col-lg-8">
      <div class="card shadow-sm">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h4 class="card-title mb-2">What is sentence improvement?</h4>
          <p class="mb-2">
            You’ll see a sentence with an underlined portion (or clearly problematic phrase). Choose the best revision
            that fixes <strong>grammar</strong>, <strong>usage</strong>, and <strong>style</strong> without changing the intended meaning.
          </p>
          <div class="alert alert-info small mb-3">
            <strong>Quick idea:</strong> Prefer the option that’s concise, idiomatic, and error-free. If two options are correct,
            pick the one native writers typically use.
          </div>

<div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-sm align-middle">
              <thead class="table-light">
                <tr>
                  <th style="">Error Type</th>
                  <th style="">What to watch for</th>
                  <th style="">Example (Fix)</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Subject–verb agreement</strong></td>
                  <td>Plural subjects with plural verbs; collective nouns by sense</td>
                  <td><em>The data are</em> consistent. (formal scientific)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Pronoun reference</strong></td>
                  <td>Clear, unambiguous antecedent</td>
                  <td><em>When students submit forms, they</em> get receipts. (they = students)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Parallelism</strong></td>
                  <td>Match forms in lists/comparisons</td>
                  <td>to analyze, <em>to test</em>, and <em>to report</em></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Modifier placement</strong></td>
                  <td>Avoid dangling/misplaced modifiers</td>
                  <td><em>After reviewing the file, the auditor</em> signed it.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Word choice / idiom</strong></td>
                  <td>Correct prepositions &amp; collocations</td>
                  <td><em>capable of</em> leading; <em>responsible for</em> costs</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Redundancy / wordiness</strong></td>
                  <td>Cut repeats &amp; fillers</td>
                  <td><em>absolutely essential</em> → <em>essential</em></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><strong>Register / tone</strong></td>
                  <td>Match formality to context</td>
                  <td><em>request</em> (formal) vs <em>ask</em> (neutral)</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>

<blockquote class="blockquote mt-3">
            <p class="mb-4">“Good revisions are accurate, concise, and idiomatic—never merely longer.”</p>
            <footer class="blockquote-footer">Strategy Tip</footer>
          </blockquote>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-4">
      <div class="card border-0 bg-light h-100">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h6 class="text-uppercase text-muted">Quick checklist</h6>
          <ul class="mb-2">
            <li>Agreement and tense consistent?</li>
            <li>Modifiers close to what they modify?</li>
            <li>Parallel structure in lists?</li>
            <li>Natural collocations and register?</li>
          </ul>
          <div class="small">
            <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-secondary me-1 mb-1">agreement</span>
            <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-secondary me-1 mb-1">parallelism</span>
            <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-secondary me-1 mb-1">modifier</span>
            <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-secondary me-1 mb-1">idiom</span>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

<div class="row g-3 mt-3">
    <div class="col-12">
      <div class="card shadow-sm">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h4 class="card-title mb-2">Awkward → Improved</h4>
          <div class="table-responsive">
            <table class="table table-hover align-middle">
              <thead class="table-light">
                <tr>
                  <th>Original (Awkward/Wrong)</th>
                  <th>Improved</th>
                  <th>Why</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Each of the reports <span class="text-danger">are</span> missing pages.</td>
                  <td>Each of the reports <strong>is</strong> missing pages.</td>
                  <td>Subject = “Each” (singular).</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td><span class="text-danger">Walking to the lab</span>, the results were discussed.</td>
                  <td><strong>While we were walking to the lab</strong>, we discussed the results.</td>
                  <td>Fix dangling modifier; add clear subject.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>The committee <span class="text-danger">are</span> divided on the issue.</td>
                  <td>The committee <strong>is</strong> divided on the issue.</td>
                  <td>Collective noun as a unit → singular in AmE.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>We will <span class="text-danger">do a decision</span> after the review.</td>
                  <td>We will <strong>make a decision</strong> after the review.</td>
                  <td>Collocation: “make a decision”.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>The policy is <span class="text-danger">more better</span> than before.</td>
                  <td>The policy is <strong>better</strong> than before.</td>
                  <td>Comparative already expresses degree.</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </div>
          <p class="small text-muted mb-0">If two fixes seem fine, choose the more concise, idiomatic option.</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

<div class="row g-3 mt-3">
    <div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
      <figure class="border rounded p-3 bg-light h-100 d-flex flex-column">
        <img src="https://via.placeholder.com/640x360?text=Sentence+Improvement" alt="Sentence improvement illustration" class="img-fluid rounded" loading="lazy" width="640" height="360">
        <figcaption class="small text-muted mt-2">
          Prioritize clarity → correctness → concision → idiom. Keep meaning intact.
        </figcaption>
      </figure>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
      <div class="card h-100">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title">Mini Reference</h5>
          <ul class="mb-2">
            <li><strong>Agreement:</strong> subjects with verbs; pronouns with antecedents</li>
            <li><strong>Parallelism:</strong> match forms in lists/paired ideas</li>
            <li><strong>Modifiers:</strong> place near target; avoid dangling</li>
            <li><strong>Idiom:</strong> make a decision; take responsibility; on behalf of</li>
          </ul>
          <p class="small text-muted mb-0">Revise for meaning first, then polish form and style.</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

<div class="row g-3 mt-4">
    <div class="col-12">
      <h4 class="fw-bold">Practice</h4>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
      <div class="card shadow-sm h-100">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title">A) Improve the underlined part</h5>
          <ol class="mb-0">
            <li class="mb-3">
              Each of the proposals <em>are</em> compelling.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">is</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">were</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">have been</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">being</span>
              </div>
            </li>
            <li class="mb-3">
              Walking to the venue, <em>the plan was finalized by the team</em>.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">the team finalized the plan</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">the plan finalized itself</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">we had the plan finalized</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">finalizing the plan by the team</span>
              </div>
            </li>
            <li class="mb-2">
              The committee <em>are</em> considering the proposal.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">is</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">has</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">were</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">be</span>
              </div>
            </li>
          </ol>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-6">
      <div class="card shadow-sm h-100">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title">B) Choose the best rewrite</h5>
          <ol class="mb-0">
            <li class="mb-3">
              We will <em>do a decision</em> after the audit.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">make a decision</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">take a decision</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">perform a decision</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">shape a decision</span>
              </div>
            </li>
            <li class="mb-3">
              The results were <em>more better</em> than last year.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">better</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">much more better</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">most better</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">gooder</span>
              </div>
            </li>
            <li class="mb-2">
              The manager is responsible <em>of</em> the budget.  
              <div class="mt-1">
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">for</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">to</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">about</span>
                <span class="badge rounded-pill text-bg-light border me-1">on</span>
              </div>
            </li>
          </ol>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

<div class="col-12">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title mb-2">C) Improve the sentence (free response)</h5>
          <p class="mb-0">
            Due to the fact that the meeting was scheduled at a later time, we postponed the review to a subsequent date.
            <br><span class="small text-muted">Task: Make it concise and natural without losing meaning.</span>
          </p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

<div class="col-12">
      <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title mb-2">D) Tiny code sample (formatting test)</h5>
          <pre class="mb-0"><code>// Naive heuristic for concision (demo only)
const concise = (s) =&gt; s
  .replaceAll("due to the fact that","because")
  .replaceAll("in order to","to")
  .replaceAll("at this point in time","now");</code></pre>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

<div class="row g-3 mt-4">
    <div class="col-12">
      <div class="card border-0 bg-light">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h5 class="card-title">Short Task</h5>
          <p class="mb-2">
            Improve: <em>Owing to the fact that</em> the equipment was unavailable, the experiment did not get conducted by us yesterday.
          </p>
          <p class="small text-muted mb-0">Hint: Prefer active voice, concise connectors, and natural word order.</p>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-8">
      <details class="border rounded">
        <summary class="p-3 fw-semibold">Show Suggested Answers</summary>
        <div class="p-3">
          <h6 class="fw-semibold">A) Improve the underlined part</h6>
          <ol>
            <li><strong>is</strong></li>
            <li><strong>the team finalized the plan</strong></li>
            <li><strong>is</strong></li>
          </ol>

<h6 class="fw-semibold">B) Best rewrite</h6>
          <ol>
            <li><strong>make a decision</strong></li>
            <li><strong>better</strong></li>
            <li><strong>for</strong></li>
          </ol>

<h6 class="fw-semibold">C) Free response (one possible)</h6>
          <p class="mb-1"><strong>Because the meeting was moved later, we postponed the review.</strong></p>

<h6 class="fw-semibold">Short Task</h6>
          <p class="mb-0 small">
            One natural answer: <strong>Because the equipment was unavailable, we didn’t conduct the experiment yesterday.</strong>
          </p>
        </div>
      </details>
    </div>

<div class="col-12 col-lg-4">
      <div class="card border-0 bg-light h-100">
        <div class="card-body">
          <h6 class="text-uppercase text-muted">Exam tips</h6>
          <ul class="small mb-0">
            <li>Fix meaning first; then grammar; then concision.</li>
            <li>Keep modifiers close; avoid dangling structures.</li>
            <li>Prefer idiomatic collocations and consistent register.</li>
            <li>Don’t add information not present in the original.</li>
          </ul>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

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